An analysis of drivers of the functional status of selected communal irrigation schemes in Zimbabwe: Lessons for climate change adaptation strategies

Abstract

This study aims to determine the drivers of long-term functionality of selected communal irrigation schemes in Zimbabwe. The analysis is based on a nation-wide data set of 266 communal irrigations which were randomly selected from a total of 312. An analysis of different factors that have a significant effect on the functionality of communal irrigation schemes was done using logistic regression. Spearman’s bivariate analysis was also carried out to determine correlations between different variables and the functionality statuses of communal irrigations schemes. The findings indicate that for communal irrigation schemes to function there is an interaction of different factors which include types of irrigation technologies in use, water source, group size, land size and number of beneficiaries. Boreholes are the most effective source which influences continued production. Water distribution technologies which seem to be effective in determining the long-term functionality include gravity and sprinkler systems. In terms of group size, small groups have greater chances of achieving the long-term functionality of communal irrigation schemes when compared to larger groups. According to the findings, small size irrigation schemes have a greater probability of being functional than large ones. From literature, the study also found out that collective action is the major determining factor to the functionality of communal irrigation schemes. The study therefore concluded that the in-cooperation of the efficient irrigation technology as well as the use of a wide range of ground water sources help communal irrigation schemes to function.