The relationship between pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) self care knowledge and hypertension control among pregnant mothers aged 18 to 49 years in Bindura District

Abstract

Hypertension control among pregnant mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) appears difficult to achieve. Part of the reason for poor control of hypertension in these women might be limited PIH self care knowledge. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between PIH self care knowledge and hypertension control among pregnant women with PIH in Bindura District. Orem’s self care model guided this study. A descriptive correlational study design was used. A simple random sample of 78 participants was recruited and data collected using a mercury sphygmomanometer and stethoscope for the blood pressure levels and face to face interviews for sample demographics and PIH self care knowledge. The Demographic Data Questionnaire (DDQ) and PIH Self Care Knowledge Questionnaire (PIHSCKQ) developed by the investigator guided the face to face interviews. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson Correlation Co-efficient). The SPSS.pc Statistical Package was used for data analysis. The results showed that PIH self care knowledge was generally good since 58 (74.3%) scored PIH self care knowledge scores above the mean score of 24 out of 48. Generally, hypertension control was adequate. Forty-three (55.1%) had blood pressure levels below the cut off level of 140/90mmHg. The correlation coefficient showed a very weak, non significant relationship (r=0.-175). Although the relationship was not statistically significant, the findings demonstrated that PIH self care knowledge has some influence on hypertension control. Continuous reinforcement of PIH self care knowledge skills is essential during antenatal teaching of clients.