https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2783 Wed, 15 Apr 2026 16:59:09 GMT 2026-04-15T16:59:09Z https://hdl.handle.net/10646/3155 Susceptibility of Zimbabwean Streptococcus agalactiac (group B streptococcus',; GBS) isolates to four different antibiotics Moyo, S. R.; Maeland, J. A.; Munemo, E. S. Objective: To establish the susceptibility of Zimbabwean GBS strains isolated from hospitalised patients to four antibiotics. Design: Cross sectional survey. Settings: Four regions of Zimbabwe (Bindura, Bulawayo, Harare, and Masvingo). Subjects: 113 GBS isolates from hospitalised patients in Bindura, Bulawayo, Harare and Masvingo, of whom most were suffering from infectious diseases. Main Outcome Measures: All isolates were tested for their susceptibility to clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin and tetracycline. Results: All isolates were 100 % sensitive to clindamycin, 98 % to penicillin, 86 % to erythromycin; 2 % of the isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to penicillin and 100% showed resistance to tetracycline. Conclusion: Penicillin is still the antibiotic of choice for treatment of GBS infections and for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis in Zimbabwe. For patients who are allergic to penicillin, clindamycin will be the drug of choice for both treatment and/or chemoprophylactic use in Zimbabwe Mon, 01 Jan 2001 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10646/3155 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2957 Use of culture methods for recovery of atypical mycobacteria from stools of AIDS patients Nziramasanga, P; Manyengwa, R. T. Objective: To establish recovery rates of atypical mycobateria from stools of suspected AIDS patients using culture media. Design: Laboratory evaluation of recovery rates, contamination rates, optimum exposure time and optimum concentration of alkali used for decontamination. Setting: The study was conducted in Harare, Zimbabwe at two medical institutions: Beatrice Road Infectious Diseases Hospital (BRIDH) (a tuberculosis referral hospital) and Mashambanzou Care Unit (MCU) (a homebased care centre). Subjects: A total of 386 stool specimens from suspected AIDS patients from the two health institutions plus 81 stool specimens from clinically healthy patients were collected. The number of patients from MCU was 144 (49 females, 95 males) and 242 from BRIDH (119 males, 123 females). Main Outcome Measure: The main goals were to determine optimum exposure time and optimum concentration of alkali used in decontamination and to identify the culture medium with the best recovery rates of atypical mycobacteria. Results: Optimum recovery of atypical mycobacteria was achieved on Peizer TB medium after treating stool specimens with 4% sodium hydroxide for 35 minutes. In addition, the use of Kirchner’s medium improved isolation rates, although with a slight increase in contamination at levels of 2.9%. Conclusion: A stool specimen can be used to recover atypical mycobacteria in suspected AIDS patients. Recovery is achieved using Peizer TB medium at a concentration of 4%. Varying the exposure time of the stool specimen to the decontaminating alkali and incorporating anti fungal agents and antibiotics into the medium, improves recovery of atypical mycobacteria Wed, 01 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2957 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2950 The relationship between malaria and HIV Tswana, S.A.; Nystrom, L.; Moyo, S.R.; Nzara, M.; Boone, P. Objective: To determine if there is an association between HIV and malaria infection Design: A cross sectional survey. Setting: Sanyati Rural District, a malarious endemic area of Zimbabwe. Subjects: 338 volunteers aged 15 months to 76 years. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of Malaria and HIV. Results: The prevalence of malaria and HIV was 26.6% and 26.3% respectively. There was no association between prevalence of HIV and malaria. Conclusion: There is no association between malaria and HIV. Fri, 01 Jan 1999 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2950 1999-01-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2934 Low risk and high risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and cervical cancer in Zimbabwe: Epidemiological evidence Chirara, M.; Bergstrom, S.; Nzara, M.J.; Stanczuk, G. A.; Tswana, S. A.; Nzara, M. J.; Moyo, S. R. Objective: To establish the prevalence of detectable low-risk and high-risk, oncogenic HPV types in cervical swabs of women with histologically proven cancer of the cervix. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Harare Central and Parirenyatwa Hospitals. Subjects: 119 women with histologically proven cervical cancer of whom 63 had the degree of differentiation of the tumour reported. Main Outcome Measures: Frequency of infection with high and low-risk human papillomaviruses. Results: The presence of HPV DN A was demonstrated in 63% (75/119) of cases. Low risk HPVs were present in 26% (31/119) and high-risk HP Vs were demonstrated in 51% (61/119) of samples tested. Co-infection with both low-risk and high-risk HPVs was observed in 14% (17/119) of the specimens. High-risk HPVs were detected in 55% (21/38) of poorly differentiated tumours while 60% (15/25) of moderately and well- differentiated tumours showed the presence of high-risk HPVs. Conclusion: High-risk human papillomaviruses are associated with cervical cancer. There was no significant difference in the frequency of high-risk HPV types in women with moderately to well-differentiated tumours and those with poorly-differentiated tumors. Mon, 01 Jan 2001 00:00:00 GMT https://hdl.handle.net/10646/2934 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z