http://ir.uz.ac.zw:80/jspui The UZSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. 2013-05-18T22:41:12Z http://hdl.handle.net/10646/1066 Title: Analysis of barriers and motivations on uptake of male circumcision in Harare Authors: Kujinga, Zwashe Abstract: Male circumcision (MC) is now recommended as an additional HIV prevention measure, yet not much is known about the factors that may influence its adoption, especially in traditionally non circumcising communities. This purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the factors that influence the uptake of male circumcision services for HIV prevention in Harare. Perceived barriers to circumcision were culture, pain and healing complications, sexual satisfaction, labels that were associated with circumcised men, behavioural disinhibition and parental conservatisms. Perceived motivators were expressed as hygiene, reduced risk of STI/HIV infection, influence of role models, peer pressure and misconceptions surrounding unknown status, bearable pain and good wound management advice and sexual satisfaction 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10646/1065 Title: THE DEPICTION OF THE INSTITUTION OF SHONA MARRIAGE IN THE SHONA NOVEL Authors: Tatira, Liveson Abstract: This research examines the depiction of the Shona marriage institution in the Shona novel. Its prime concern is to identify, explore and critique the manner in which Shona novelists depict marriage across the pre-colonial, colonial and post-independence periods. The study argues that Shona authors, throughout these periods, have been consciously and unconsciously influenced by historical factors in their depiction of the Shona marriage. Narratives set in the pre-colonial and colonial periods were influenced by western education, European values, Christian beliefs and colonial censorship. Such influences impacted negatively on how the novelists perceived Shona marriage. In post-independence period, neocolonialist tendencies as well as the patriarchal stance continue to influence the writers‟ perception of the Shona marriage. Owing to this, Shona marriage is depicted in a negative way that generally reinforces the authors‟ mistaken belief of what constitutes Shona marriage. The research concludes that Shona novelists‟ perception of the Shona marriage seems to be generally negative mainly because the novelists seem or are blind to the factors that negatively impact on Shona marriage. In their description of marriage, writers mostly capture surface issues which they erroneously believe to be the major causes of marriage problems. 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10646/1064 Title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED FAMILY SUPPORT AND ADHERENCE TO PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY VIRUS (PMTCT) AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AGED 18-35 ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE AT KADOMA CITY HEALTH CLINICS Authors: TSARA, BALBINA. E. Abstract: Maternal and Child Health and Midwifery Practice are concerned about participation of antenatal women in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PMTCT) in order to reduce vertical transmission of Human Immune Deficiency Virus. The study investigated the relationship between family support and adherence to PMTCT programme. Structured questionnaire was used through face to face interviews. The Health Promotion Model (Pender 1987) was used to guide the study. A descriptive correlation design was used to study a random sample of eighty pregnant women aged 18-35 enrolled in the PMTCT programme and attending ANC at Kadoma City Health Clinics. The instrument measured family support and adherence to PMTCT among pregnant women aged 18-35. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The study findings were hypothesized to show that there was a relationship between family support and adherence to PMTCT programme. The results showed a moderate positive correlation r=.510 at significance level of 0.01. This means that as family support increases adherence increases. A linear regression analysis was done and the results showed R2=.260 which implies that the effect of family support accounts for only 26% of the variance in adherence. Implications to Nursing/Midwifery practices are that partners have to be encouraged to actively participate in PMTCT by being tested for HIV so that adherence to PMTCT is complete. Support from family increases adherence to health promoting behaviour among pregnant women. Further research needs to be done to find out other factors that account for the remaining 74% variance. 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10646/1063 Title: PREVALENCE OF HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN PATIENTS INITIATING ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG THERAPY AT AN OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS CLINIC IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE Authors: Mtisi, Takudzwa J Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of resistance mutations in the genome of HIV-1 strains isolated from antiretroviral (ARV) treatment-naive patients at Harare Central Hospital’s Opportunistic Infections Clinic and to explore the requirements for and thus set up a genotypic resistance testing laboratory at NMRL, Harare Hospital. Methods: Thirty-nine HIV-1 strains isolated from treatment-naive adults were included in this study. Resistance genotyping was performed by using Big Dye Terminator chemistry provided by the ViroSeq Genotyping System. The sequences of the protease and reverse transcriptase genes were aligned (Viroseq v3.3).For subtyping purposes, all the nucleotide sequences were submitted to the Stanford University Drug resistance database. Results: The overall prevalence of DRMs associated with any of the classes NNRTI, NRTI, PI, (samples that had ≥ 1 DRM to any of the classes) was 10/37 (27.02%). The prevalence of DRMs associated with NNRTIs was 3/37 (8.1%) and are shown in Table 2. One sample 1/37 (2.8%) had a DRM associated with NRTIs. No primary mutations related to PIs were observed. However, 8/37 (21.6%) had at least a minor mutation associated with PIs (Table 4) whilst all 37 patients had viruses that carry accessory mutations that are in some cases natural polymorphisms. All the studied strains were found to harbor accessory mutations in the both the protease and RT gene. All the strains were found to belong to the C subtype. Conclusion: 10.8% of the population have at least 1 major mutation in the RT gene. Protease secondary mutations are present with high frequency in the HIV-1 C subtype strains isolated from antiretroviral (ARV) treatment-naive patients at Harare Central Hospital’s Opportunistic Infections Clinic, but no major resistance mutations were found. 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z